Simple time is when the beats can be divided into two equal parts. The time signature for simple time is always a fraction, with the top number indicating the number of beats per measure and the bottom number indicating the note value of each beat. For example, 2/4 time means that there are two beats per measure, each of which is a quarter note.
Compound time is when the beats can be divided into three equal parts. The time signature for compound time is always a fraction, but the top number is always 6. The bottom number indicates the note value of each beat. For example, 6/8 time means that there are two beats per measure, each of which is a dotted quarter note.
The terms duple, triple, and quadruple refer to the number of beats per measure.
Duple time has two beats per measure.
Triple time has three beats per measure.
Quadruple time has four beats per measure.
Here is a table of the most common simple and compound time signatures:
The way that the beats are divided in simple and compound time can affect the feel of the music. Simple time often feels more regular and straightforward, while compound time can feel more lively and energetic.Simple Time Compound Time
2/4 6/8
3/4 9/8
2/2 6/4
3/2 9/4
Here are some examples of music in simple and compound time:
Simple time: "Jingle Bells", "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star"
Compound time: "The Irish Washerwoman", "The William Tell Overture"